{"id":4851,"date":"2024-10-09T11:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-09T09:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/djp-a9vm.1wp.site\/?p=4851"},"modified":"2026-10-19T19:05:15","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T17:05:15","slug":"the-artificial-intelligence-act-key-aspects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/the-artificial-intelligence-act-key-aspects\/","title":{"rendered":"The Artificial Intelligence Act \u2014 key aspects"},"content":{"rendered":"

On 1 August 2024, the Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (the AI Act<\/strong>) entered into force. It is one of the world\u2019s first laws comprehensively regulating the use of artificial intelligence systems. Below we explain its key premises.<\/p>\n

What is the AI Act?<\/h2>\n

The AI Act regulates the development, placing on the market and use of artificial intelligence systems in the European Union. It aims to introduce a uniform standard across Member States to ensure safety, human rights protection and responsible AI development. Most requirements address AI providers, importers, distributors and users.<\/p>\n

Definition of an artificial intelligence system<\/h2>\n

The regulation\u2019s central concept is the AI system. Its definition was amended repeatedly during legislative work to make it flexible enough to remain relevant as technology develops, while aligning with international understandings of AI.<\/p>\n

Ultimately, an AI system was defined as a machine-based system designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy, which may exhibit adaptiveness after deployment and, for explicit or implicit objectives, infers how to generate outputs such as predictions, content, recommendations or decisions that can influence physical or virtual environments.<\/p>\n

Categories of AI systems<\/h2>\n

The rules distinguish several categories based on the risk arising from AI use. Correct classification is crucial because regulatory obligations differ according to the system\u2019s risk level.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Minimal-risk systems:<\/strong> excluded from regulation because of low risk, such as spam filters and recommendation systems.<\/li>\n
  • Limited-risk systems:<\/strong> must meet certain requirements, such as transparently informing users that content was AI-generated.<\/li>\n
  • High-risk systems:<\/strong> subject to stricter rules, including conformity assessment, technical documentation and post-market monitoring. They include systems related to critical infrastructure, education, healthcare, employment and worker management. Placing a high-risk system on the market will have to be preceded by a fundamental rights impact assessment.<\/li>\n
  • Unacceptable-risk systems:<\/strong> systems threatening safety or fundamental rights, or misleading users, are prohibited. These include manipulation through subliminal techniques, deception or exploitation of vulnerable groups; social scoring based on status, behaviour or personal characteristics; and real-time remote biometric identification such as facial recognition. The rules nevertheless provide certain exceptions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    General-purpose AI<\/h2>\n

    The AI Act also introduces a separate category of general-purpose AI models. These are trained on large amounts of data using self-supervision at scale, show significant generality, can competently perform a broad range of distinct tasks and can be integrated into various downstream applications. Generative AI tools such as GPT are examples.<\/p>\n

    Providers of general-purpose models have specific obligations, primarily concerning copyright compliance during training and output generation.<\/p>\n

    Transparency obligations<\/h2>\n

    AI systems must satisfy transparency requirements so users know they are dealing with a machine rather than a person. For direct interaction systems such as chatbots, users must be told they are interacting with AI unless this is obvious. AI-generated audio, images, video and text should be marked as such in a machine-readable format.<\/p>\n

    Penalties<\/h2>\n

    The AI Act provides substantial administrative fines: up to EUR 35 million or 7% of total worldwide annual turnover for infringements concerning prohibited AI systems; up to EUR 15 million or 3% for non-compliance with system obligations; and up to EUR 7.5 million or 1% for providing incorrect or misleading information to supervisory authorities.<\/p>\n

    When will the new rules apply?<\/h2>\n

    As an EU regulation, the AI Act is binding in its entirety without additional national legislation. It entered into force on 1 August 2024 but will generally apply from 2 August 2026. There are exceptions: general provisions and prohibitions on specified practices apply six months after entry into force. Rules on penalties and obligations for general-purpose model providers apply after 12 months, while obligations concerning AI systems that are safety components of products apply only after 36 months.<\/p>\n

    Conclusion<\/h2>\n

    Given AI\u2019s growing popularity and rapid development, the emergence of a legal framework and an attempt to systematise its operating rules deserve a positive assessment.<\/p>\n

    The EU appears to prioritise citizens\u2019 protection and transparency, even at the cost of progress and of falling behind the US and China, where a more market-oriented approach is preferred. Has regulation caught up with technology and provided sufficient protection against AI risks? Time will tell. It is hard to imagine what technology will offer in the future. Before the rules are fully implemented, solutions we have not yet dreamed of may already have emerged.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    On 1 August 2024, the Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (the AI Act ) entered into force. It is one of the world\u2019s first laws comprehensively regulating the use of artificial intelligence systems. Below we explain its key premises.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":1801,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"294","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"iawp_total_views":0,"_djp_featured_image_mode":"full","footnotes":""},"categories":[{"term_id":294,"name":"Articles","slug":"articles-en","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":294,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":100,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":294,"category_count":100,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Articles","category_nicename":"articles-en","category_parent":0},{"term_id":291,"name":"General","slug":"general-en","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":291,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":153,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":291,"category_count":153,"category_description":"","cat_name":"General","category_nicename":"general-en","category_parent":0},{"term_id":299,"name":"Technology","slug":"technology-en","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":299,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":17,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":299,"category_count":17,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Technology","category_nicename":"technology-en","category_parent":0}],"tags":[],"djp_center":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-4851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-en","category-general-en","category-technology-en"],"acf":{"djp_promote_now":false,"djp_promotion_days":7},"images":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Zdjecie-do-artykulu-AI-ACt-150x150.png","medium":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Zdjecie-do-artykulu-AI-ACt-300x198.png","medium_large":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Zdjecie-do-artykulu-AI-ACt-djp-web.webp","large":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Zdjecie-do-artykulu-AI-ACt-djp-web.webp","full":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Zdjecie-do-artykulu-AI-ACt-djp-web.webp"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4851","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4851"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4851\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5499,"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4851\/revisions\/5499"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1801"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4851"},{"taxonomy":"djp_center","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/djp_center?post=4851"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djp.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=4851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}